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Chahar Shanbeh Suri – A civil struggle for beauty, happiness, and enlightenment

A civil struggle for beauty, happiness, and enlightenment

The simple definition of “civil disobedience” is to protest or engage in a nonviolent struggle against an order, method, or policy imposed by a power or government on the people.

As a lover of Iranian culture, I would like to claim that, according to the definition of “civil disobedience,” the movement to celebrate Nowruz and related ceremonies by millions of Iranians in the last few decades is the largest and most beautiful act of civil disobedience pursued in our era related to Iran.

This movement was born in our country immediately after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 and grew rapidly. The religious government of post-revolution in Iran, with all of its violence and military power, along with its tools of propaganda and psychological deterrents, has in the name of prohibition and religion tried to eliminate the cultural and non-religious traditions of the people of Iran. Despite this, the people of Iran, while forcibly obeying many of the demands and orders of the Islamic government, have resisted this demand from the beginning. As a result, Iranians have for many years continued to openly and sometimes covertly fight against religious and non-religious ideology and belief, spreading day by day and even beyond the borders of Iran by Iranian immigrants or exiles.

Indeed, how could one name these tireless efforts and the determination of millions of people to preserve a part of the culture of a land other than a civil disobedience and/or civilized struggle? If this is not a civil struggle movement, then what is? For many years, the government, even through all kinds of threats, excuses, and security and religious reasons, has not been able to stop the people from celebrating Nowruz ceremonies. A few weeks before Nowruz, the people move like organized, beautiful and proud armies and hold every single Nowruz-related ceremony exactly the way it has been done for centuries. Perhaps no ceremony is celebrated with such determination and defiance as Chaharshanbe Suri, which takes place on the last Tuesday of the year. The people sing, jump over fire, and celebrate even when they are threatened by the government and some are arrested and imprisoned. The people ignore the threats and religious statements and celebrate by holding the traditions of this grand New Year custom.

Iran’s government spends millions to celebrate every religious holiday, from birthdays to Eid al-Ghadir, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha, where people celebrate with lights and celebratory decorations. The government however looks for a way to prevent the Nowruz ceremony every year. In spite of this, with the scent of spring inhaled on every breath, millions of Iranians set out every year to celebrate Nowruz as gloriously and as widely as possible, even during some of the worst economic pressures and experiences. They celebrate Nowruz, like meticulous and conscientious soldiers, as they rush to fight and raise the banner of their victory for another year on the eve of spring.

Part of the article, “Nowruz, and the Greatest Civil Struggle in Contemporary History.” Taken from the book Cultural and Historical Heritage of Iran During the Islamic Government written by Shokooh Mirzadegi.

Dr. Mansoureh Ettehadieh, recipient of the Pasargad Heritage Foundation’s 1401 (2022) Nowruz Award

Dr. Mansoureh Ettehadieh

Dr. Mansoureh Ettehadieh, researcher, historian, university professor, and founder of publishing firm, Nashr-e Tarikh-e Iran (Publishing History of Iran), is the recipient of the Nowruz Award in the field of cultural and historical heritage for:

    • Years of efforts to preserve Iran’s cultural and historical heritage
    • Years of research and teaching at university
    • Publication of numerous books about famous men and women during the Qajar period
    • Establishment of the publishing firm, Publishing History of Iran, focusing on publication of books on the history and culture of Iran

Biography of Dr. Mansoureh Ettehadieh

Mansoureh Ettehadieh, recipient of the Pasargad Heritage Foundation’s 1401 (2022) Nowruz Award

Dr. Mansoureh Ettehadieh, a historian, author, professor, and publisher of »Institute for the Publication of the History« is this year’s recipient of the Nowruz Award in the category of Cultural and Historical Heritage.

Dr. Ettehadieh is a historian, author, publisher, and a university professor and was born on 1934 in Tehran, Iran.  She had a difficult childhood in Iran during World War II while Iran was under allied occupation. After being homeschooled for a time she attended schools including Kayhan, Anoushiravan Dadgar, and Jandrak.  She then completed her secondary education in England and completed her higher education in history at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, where she received her master’s degree in 1959. Upon returning to Iran in 1969, she worked as an instructor at the University of Tehran, and in 1977, she returned to the UK to pursue her doctorate in history at the University of Edinburgh. Dr. Ettehadieh’s doctoral dissertation focused on “political parties during the constitutional period.” She returned to Iran in 1980 and started working once again at the University of Tehran. At the university, she taught a variety of subjects, including Qajar history, recent 100-year movements, and Middle Eastern history until she retired, where she continued to work and teach at the Iranian Studies Foundation.

In 1984, Dr. Ettehadieh established the Institute for the Publication of the History of Iran in order to publish documents and research in the field of contemporary Iranian history, where she still actively works.

Dr. Bahram Akasheh, recipient of the Pasargad Heritage Foundation’s 1401 (2022) Nowruz Award

Dr. Bahram Akasheh

Dr. Bahram Akasheh, seismologist and expert in geology and professor of geophysics, university professor, and dean of engineering faculty of Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, is the recipient of the Nowruz Award in the field of natural heritage and environment for:

    • Decades of efforts to introduce seismology to students to educate and inform and reduce risks of earthquakes
    • Establishment of the department of geophysics at the University of Tehran
    • Publication of more than one hundred scholarly articles and papers
    • Construction and operation of several seismic bases

Biography of Dr.Bahram Akhasheh

    • Dr. Bahram Akasheh is an Iranian seismologist and geophysicist. He is considered one of Iran’s leading experts on earthquakes and seismic activity.Dr. Akasheh was born in 1936 in Masjed Soleyman, Iran. He completed his primary and high school education in Masjed Soleyman and Ahvaz and his undergraduate university education in physics at the University of Tehran in 1956. He then pursued his postgraduate and doctoral studies at the University of Stuttgart, Germany in physics, geophysics and seismology, and geology.  After receiving his doctorate, Dr. Akasheh returned to the University of Tehran to teach at the Institute of Geophysics in 1985. Dr. Akasheh was later appointed as the chair of the department of Seismology, and went on to become the founder of the department of Geophysics at the University of Tehran. He later became the chair of the Department of Geophysics, at Islamic Azad University and served in that position for 14 years.Dr. Akasheh is the Dean of engineering faculty of Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch.

Dr. Ardeshir Babaknia, recipient of the Pasargad Heritage Foundation’s 1401 (2022) Nowruz Award

Dr. Ardeshir Babaknia

Dr. Ardeshir Babaknia, physician, university professor, scientific and historical researcher, and cultural and artistic activist, is the recipient of the Nowruz Award in the field of culture and art for:

    • More than a decade of extensive research into the holocaust during World War II, and other genocides in the Middle East, with the goal of rooting out this type of human catastrophe
    • Four volumes of books on the Holocaust in Persian
    • Establishment of several cultural-scientific and social institutions
    • Supporting and cooperating with cultural and social institutions
    • Collecting and preserving a collection of Iranian historical artifacts
    • Creating beautiful artistic works on glass and ceramics with concepts related to the cultural and historical heritage of the ancient Persians

 

Biography of Ardeshir Babaknia

    • Dr. Ardeshir Babaknia, MD, is a Professor of Health Sciences, Medical Director and master of Health Sciences. Dr. Babaknia is also a special advisor to the Chapman University Provost in Health Initiative, Irvine CA.
    • Dr. Babaknia received his medical training at Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, US. He was trained in women’s reproductive health, and has been practicing Reproductive Medicine in Newport Beach, California for the last 25 years as well as serving as a Clinical Associate Professor at the School of Medicine, University of California in Irvine. Dr. Babaknia is one of the pioneers of minimally invasive laser surgery in medicine since the early 1980s. In addition to publishing more than 50 research and clinical articles on women’s health and wellness in peer reviewed journals, he is the author and co-author of over a dozen books in the field of women’s health, including two books on women’s health on nutrition: Soy: The Right Protein for Improving Your Health and Soy: One Choice for Menopausal Health.
    • He is the recipient of the National Medical Research Award for excellence in medical research from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
    • Dr. Babaknia has been a patron of the arts and of literature for many years. He is the Founder and Executive Director of the Persian Heritage Foundation (1987-2007) and the Graduate Society (Society for Iranian Jewish University Graduates) studying Jewish contributions and influences on Iranian life and culture in their over 2500 years of living in Iran. This culminated in the publication of several books on the subject (1991-2012), and he became a member of the Board of Directors of several other scientific, charity and cultural Foundations.
    • Dr. Babaknia has served as the Chairman of the Institute for the Holocaust Studies in Washington D.C. (2011-2013), as well as the Chairman of the Holocaust Remembrance Day of Orange County, California (1993-2013). He has been on an international book tour promoting genocide awareness and prevention, (2012-2020). Dr. Babaknia is the Founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Menorah Foundation with the specific mission of spreading the truth about the Holocaust and other genocides in the Middle East.
    • His dedicated studies and research on the subject of the Holocaust for over a decade culminated in the publication of a 4-volume groundbreaking book in Farsi about the Holocaust and other genocides of the last one hundred years (Wyman, 2012), which was awarded reference book of the year by the Association of the Jewish Librarians (2013).
    • In his book, Humanity, NOT, released January 2014, Dr. Babaknia has tried to weave in actual words from victims of the Holocaust along with letters and quotes from diaries of the victims, perpetrators, bystanders, and survivors of the Holocaust, accompanied by powerful paintings by renowned Iranian graphic artist Ardeshir Mohasses, in a way that touches the personal stories of man’s inhumanity to man, the brutality of the Holocaust, and the fragility of humanity. He believes reading first-hand horrifying experiences of the victims as well as some thoughts from philosophers and scholars helps us understand that the “reaction to the Holocaust has to be other than mere horror and revulsion. It has to be more than empathy with the victims, sharing their fear and some part of their actual suffering.”
    • In the past few years, he has embarked on one of his lifetime dreams, a journey long in making; creating sandblasted glass and ceramics artworks on social justice and human rights, global peace, women’s rights, children’s rights, the global climate crisis, water rights, refugee life and rights, and many other pressing social issues of our time.

Mr. Amir Taheri, recipient of the Pasargad Heritage Foundation’s 1401 (2022) Nowruz Award

Mr. Amir Taheri

Mr. Amir Taheri, author, journalist, political analyst, cultural and literary critic, is the recipient of a Lifetime Nowruz Award in the field of journalism and communication sciences for:

    • Lifelong tireless efforts as a modern author and journalist in Iran and in exile
    • Commitment to journalism, and emphasis on concrete facts and reliable documents for writing, analysis, and critique
    • Authoring of ten successful books related to sensitive issues in the last few decades of Iran in Farsi and English
    • Writing hundreds of lasting articles and reviews of political, literary, and artistic books
    • Constant attention to human rights violations in Iran and writings on them in the popular European and American press
    • Utmost attention to the brilliant culture and history of Iran in his writings for various Iranian and non-Iranian publications
    • To say that Amir Taheri is the most important journalist in the history of Iran is not an exaggeration. It has been less than 200 years since we came across something called “modern journalism.” During this period, especially after the revolution, we have had a large number of good journalists who continued their work after they immigrated to other countries or have been forced to live in exile. We however have had only a few men and women who have written in languages other than Farsi and for magazines and papers or have been active as a journalist in radio and television of other countries. None of them have had the position that Amir Taheri has had as an Iranian journalist.
    • Amir Taheri started his career as a writer, translator and journalist well before the revolution in Iran, working in widely circulated newspapers for over 40 years. He has also worked as a successful journalist, widely published author, and a liberal political analyst outside Iran, working with international publications and in countries around the world. Taheri’s articles published in the international press have not only covered Iran’s issues and topics. Rather, he has been able to speak and write well and publish widely as a writer, a capable political analyst, and a good journalist on important European and American issues.
    • One of Taheri’s admirable values ​​is that in spite of all his great success outside Iran, he has never lost touch with his native country. He has been a vocal critic on every occasion to convey to the world the cries of Iranian people which are otherwise ignored, even in the presence of many journalists from abroad for various reasons.
    • Amir Taheri, like many social people, has his own political beliefs which he has never hidden in order to please others. However, he has not included them in his writings and analysis, as his writings and analysis have always been based on existing facts, clear and undeniable documents. In addition, he has never forgotten the humane and moral virtues that some journalists have forgotten in order to please readers or catch viewer’s attention.
    • Amir Taheri is an example of a brilliant and modern journalist who still embraces Iranian culture beautifully and lovingly.
    • The Pasargad Heritage Foundation is proud to present its “Nowruz Award” to Mr. Amir Taheri for his lifetime achievement.

 

Biography of Mr. Amir Taheri.

    • Amir Taheri was born in Ahvaz, southwest Iran and educated in Tehran, London and Paris. He started his journalistic life by editing his school magazine, Sepideh Sadaf in 1955-58 before becoming a contributor to a number of publications including the literary magazine Ashna, the “pocket-magazine” Bamshad, and the weeklies Roshanfekr and Omid Iran.
    • Between 1967 and 1968 he was Cultural Editor of the English-language daily Kayhan International before being named the paper’s Political Editor for almost four years.
    • From 1972 to 1979 he was the executive editor-in-chief of Kayhan, Iran’s main daily newspaper.
    • Between 1980 and 1984 he was Middle East editor for the London Sunday Times. He also wrote for the Daily Times and contributed to The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph, The Guardian, and the Daily Mail among other leading British publications. From 1984 to 1987 he was editor-in-chief of Jeune Afrique, the French weekly specializing in Africa. He has been a columnist for the pan-Arab daily Asharq Alawsat and its sister daily Arab News since 1987. Taheri was a contributor to the International Herald Tribune between 1980 and 1992. Between 2003 and 2018 he was a columnist for The New York Post. He has also written for The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, Newsday, and The Washington Post. Between 1989 and 1995. Taheri has also been an editorial writer for the German daily Die Welt.
    • Furthermore, as a syndicated columnist, he has written for other publications including Der Spiegel, Die Zeit, Frankfurter Algemeine Zeitung, La Repubblica, L’Express, Politique Internationale, Le Nouvel Observateur, and El Mundo in Spain.  He was also a contributor to the German weekly Focus for almost ten years. Taheri has published twelve books. In 1988 Publishers’ Weekly in New York chose his study of Islamist terrorism, Holy Terror, as one of the Best Books of The Year. Some of his books have been translated into more than twenty languages. Between 1974 and 1979 he served as a member of the Board of Trustees of The Institute for International Political and Economic Studies in Tehran and Chairman of the board of the Iran Computer magazine. Between 1982 and 2000 he served as a member of the Executive Board of the International Press Institute (IPI) and its liaison officer with UNESCO in Paris.
    • In 1984 he helped launch the weekly Kayhan in London and worked as its Editor-in-Chief for a year. In 1988-89 he was a political advisor on Afghanistan to the UN Secretary-General Xavier Perez de Cuellar and chaired a series of seminars on Afghan issues in Geneva, Paris, and New York. As a journalist, he has interviewed dozens of world leaders, among them the Shah of Iran, US presidents, British prime ministers, Arab monarchs, and presidents, as well as Chinese and Soviet leaders.
    • Taheri has been Chairman of Gatestone Institute Europe, a public policy group since 2008. He has won a number of prizes for his journalism and was named International Journalist of the Year in 2012 by The Society of British Newspaper Editors.
    • Since leaving for exile in 1979 he has lived and worked in Paris and London with frequent visits to the Middle East, The United States, Russia, China, and The European Union nations.

 

International Women’s Day March 8, 2022

 

History of Women’s Day

International Women’s Day is celebrated in many countries around the world. It is a day when women are recognized for their achievements without regard to divisions, whether national, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic or political.

Since those early years, International Women’s Day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike. The growing international women’s movement, which has been strengthened by four global United Nations women’s conferences, has helped make the commemoration a rallying point to build support for women’s rights and participation in the political and economic arenas.

We invite you to learn about the history of women’s rights and the UN’s contribution to the cause.  https://www.un.org/en/observances/womens-day/background

International Day of Women and Girls in Science – February 11, 2022

Full and equal access and participation for women and girls in science

Science and gender equality are both vital for the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Over the past decades, the global community has made a lot of effort in inspiring and engaging women and girls in science. Yet women and girls continue to be excluded from participating fully in science.

In order to achieve full and equal access to and participation in science for women and girls, and further achieve gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, the United Nations General Assembly declared 11 February as the International Day of Women and Girls in Science

Background

A significant gender gap has persisted throughout the years at all levels of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines all over the world. Even though women have made tremendous progress towards increasing their participation in higher education, they are still under-represented in these fields.

Gender equality has always been a core issue for the United Nations. Gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls will make a crucial contribution not only to economic development of the world, but to progress across all the goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, as well.

On 14 March 2011, the Commission on the Status of Women adopted a report at its fifty-fifth session, with agreed conclusions on access and participation of women and girls in education, training and science and technology, and for the promotion of women’s equal access to full employment and decent work. On 20 December 2013, the General Assembly adopted a resolution on science, technology and innovation for development, in which it recognized that full and equal access to and participation in science, technology and innovation for women and girls of all ages is imperative for achieving gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls.

International Day of Education

Changing Course, Transforming Education

As it was detailed in UNESCO’s global Futures of Education report, transforming the future requires an urgent rebalancing or our relationships with each other, with nature as well as with technology that permeates our lives, bearing breakthrough opportunities while raising serious concerns for equity, inclusion and democratic participation.

This year’s International Day of Education will be a platform to showcase the most important transformations that have to be nurtured to realize everyone’s fundamental right to education and build a more sustainable, inclusive and peaceful futures. It will generate debate around how to strengthen education as a public endeavour and common good, how to steer the digital transformation, support teachers, safeguard the planet and unlock the potential in every person to contribute to collective well-being and our shared home.

Education is a human right

The right to education is enshrined in article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration calls for free and compulsory elementary education. The Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted in 1989, goes further to stipulate that countries shall make higher education accessible to all.

Education is key to sustainable development

When it adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in September 2015, the international community recognized that education is essential for the success of all 17 of its goals. Sustainable Development Goal 4, in particular, aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” by 2030.

Challenges to achieving universal education

Education offers children a ladder out of poverty and a path to a promising future. But about 258 million children and adolescents around the world do not have the opportunity to enter or complete school; 617 million children and adolescents cannot read and do basic math; less than 40% of girls in sub-Saharan Africa complete lower secondary school and some four million children and youth refugees are out of school. Their right to education is being violated and it is unacceptable. 

Without inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong opportunities for all, countries will not succeed in achieving gender equality and breaking the cycle of poverty that is leaving millions of children, youth and adults behind.

https://www.un.org/en/observances/education-day

A message from Pasargad Heritage Foundation on the occasion of the annual celebration of Yalda

The absence of the national celebration of Yalda on the World Heritage List

Once again we are on the eve of beautiful Yalda, another Iranian national holiday celebration. Thousands of years ago on such a night, the longest night of the year, the people of Persia celebrated and gathered around a cedar tree, which was adorned with colorful fabrics and shiny stones.

In those days, the values and secrets of nature were not yet known, and Persians like other peoples of the world saw nature as powerful elements or gods with a tremendous impact on their lives and existence. Some people in the world were terrified of these natural powers, however Persians loved all the elements of nature and worshiped the sun as the greatest and most “loving” God, because light and heat energy were considered to be the savior of their lives.

Our ancestors thought that the sun was born at the end of the longest night of the year, to announce the victory of light and heat over darkness and cold. With discovering the secrets of nature, the status of a god was taken from the elements of nature. But the Persians kept their celebrations as an earthly gift—a real, tangible, happy and universal gift. And so it is that most Iranian celebrations have remained thriving, happy and modern to this day.

For the past few decades, while the Islamic government has prevented national celebrations from being held in public places, it has tried its best to replace them with religious events. However, the people of Iran, all over the world and within Iran, despite all the challenges they are facing, celebrate these beloved Persian festivities to an even great extent.

At the Pasargad Heritage Foundation, we believe that even though it is still not recognized on the list of intangible world heritage, Yalda, as one of the most beautiful world celebrations, should be celebrated greatly and fully. That is why we in 2007 submitted a petition to UNESCO for its consideration.

Unfortunately, based on UNESCO’s rules, governments are legally responsible for submitting national celebrations for UNESCO’s consideration, and due to the religious bigotry of the Islamic government and its opposition to our Iranian culture, it has only submitted other religious events and concepts. These have included “Ta’zieh,” “Ashura,” “carpet weavers,””Arba’een” and “aqeeqah,” which the Iranian government has considered as ceremonies worthy of globalization. The Islamic government not only refuses to send Yalda, Mehregan, Sadeh and other Iranian humanistic celebrations and rituals for UNESCO’s consideration, but also suppresses them under various titles and measures.

We believe that the victory of the armies of love and enlightenment over armies of sorrow and cruelty is still unquestionable, as we know that Yalda and our other Iranian celebrations will be victorious through efforts of people who love our culture and the symbol of humanity and love they represent.

Let us celebrate the birth of the beautiful sun of our land next to the evergreen Yalda tree this year as well, while the sun that rises every day in our world exemplifies its victory over eternal darkness.

May your life be bright and your Yalda a happy one.

Shokooh Mirzadegi

Pasargad Heritage Foundation

Yalda 2021

 

Happy Human Rights Day

Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10 December — the day the United Nations General Assembly adopted, in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The UDHR is a milestone document, which proclaims the inalienable rights that everyone is entitled to as a human being – regardless of race, colour, religion, sex, language, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Available in more than 500 languages, it is the most translated document in the world.